![]() Based on the obtained results it is demonstrated that using additional transverse bearing stiffeners for strengthening the superstructure can result in large distortions. The current study uses a novel approach in the field of bridge engineering the analogy of Abbott-Firestone curve is applied for describing the deformed shape and evaluating the extent of defects in the contact area since the magnitude of out-of-flatness imperfection is not inevitably sufficient for classifying the surfaces. ![]() Results are evaluated in accordance with the permitted total deformation limit in EN 1337-2 recommended for spherical structural bearings. A qualitative comparison is made with measurement results showing that the magnitudes of simulated and measured distortions are in good agreement. Advanced manufacturing simulations are also carried out in addition to site measurements to analyse imperfections due to welding during assembly and strengthening of a typical bridge superstructure. The paper focuses on the out-of-flatness measurement of bearing areas using Coordinate Measuring Machine (CMM) in typical steel and composite bridges having box and open cross-sections. Deformations of bottom flanges in the vicinity of bridge bearings, i.e., in bearing areas, due to manufacturing and loading can result in serious problems in service life and damages in bridge superstructures and structural bearings coming from nonuniform stress distribution.
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